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The patella (kneecap) is located at the front of the knee joint, within the patellofemoral groove of the femur. Its superior aspect is attached to the quadriceps tendon and inferior aspect to the patellar ligament.
It is classified as a sesamoid type bone due to its position within the quadriceps tendon, and is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. In this article we will look at the anatomy of the patella - its surface features, functions and clinical relevance.
[caption id="attachment_20536" align="aligncenter" width="339"] Fig 1 - The position of the patella within the lower limb[/caption] Bony LandmarksThe patella has a triangular shape, with anterior and posterior surfaces. The apex of the patella is situated inferiorly and is connected to the tibial tuberosity by the patellar ligament. The base forms the superior aspect of the bone and provides the attachment area for the quadriceps tendon.
The posterior surface of the patella articulates with the femur, and is marked by two facets:
Medial facet - articulates with the medial condyle of the femur.Lateral facet - articulates with the lateral condyle of the femur.[caption id="attachment_12775" align="aligncenter" width="429"] Fig 2 - Anterior and posterior surfaces of the patella.[/caption] FunctionsThe patella has two main functions:
Leg extension - Enhances the leverage that the quadriceps tendon can exert on the femur, increasing the efficiency of the muscle.Protection - Protects the anterior aspect of the knee joint from physical trauma.[start-clinical]
Clinical Relevance - Injury to the Patella Patellar DislocationIn a patellar dislocation, the patella bone is displaced out of the patellofemoral groove. It accounts for around 3% of knee injuries.
Most dislocations occur laterally and are caused by high force impact on the patella or forceful sudden twisting of the knee. These mechanisms of injury make patellar dislocation more common in individuals participating in sports such as: football, rugby and ice hockey.
Patellar FracturePatellar fractures usually result from direct trauma to the bone, or sudden contraction of the quadriceps muscle. They are more common in males, and in the 20-50 age range. If the patella fractures into fragments, they will usually separate; the proximal fragment displaced superiorly by the quadriceps tendon and the distal fragment pulled inferiorly by the patellar ligament.
[caption id="attachment_12812" align="aligncenter" width="198"] Fig 3 - Radiograph of patella fracture. Note the displacement of the proximal and distal fragments.[/caption][end-clinical]
由CFCox著作·2021·被引用13次—Thepatellaisthelargestsesamoidboneinthehumanbody,locatedanteriortothekneejointwithinthetendonofthequadricepsfemoris ...
Thepatella(pl.:patellaeorpatellas),alsoknownasthekneecap,isaflat,roundedtriangularbonewhicharticulateswiththefemur(thighbone)and ...
2023年6月1日—Thepatellaisyourkneecap.It'stheboneatthefrontofyourkneejoint.Yourpatellaprotectsyourkneejointandsupportsmuscles, ...
Thepatella(derivedfromlatinmeans'smallplate')isaflat,invertedtriangularbone,situatedonthefrontoftheknee-joint.
Thepatella,alsoknownasthekneecap,isaflat,roundedtriangularbonewhicharticulateswiththefemur(thighbone)andcoversandprotectsthe ...
膝蓋骨;(古羅馬之)小盤.Dr.eye譯典通.patella.膝蓋骨.PyDict.patellas.patella的名詞複數.Dr.eye譯典通·Yahoo奇摩字典.NewYorkManhattan更新疑難排解 ...
髕;膝蓋·Patella·名詞解釋:解剖學名詞。位於膝關節前面,形狀略似倒立三角形的種子骨。其後上方與大腿骨相接,有順暢滑行的關節面,其他部位附著肌纖維以及血管入口,股 ...
Thepatellaistriangularinshapewithasuperiorbaseandinferiorapex.Theproximalthree-quartersoftheposteriorsurfaceissmooth,composedofarticular ...
Thepatellaisalsoknownasthekneecap.Itsitsinfrontofthekneejointandprotectsthejointfromdamage.Itisthelargestsesamoidboneinthebody ...
Thepatellaisasmallbonelocatedinfrontofthekneejoint—wherethethighbone(femur)andshinbone(tibia)meet.Itprotectsthekneeandconnectsthe ...
PATELLA翻譯:膝蓋骨,髕骨。了解更多。
Patellofemoralpainsyndrome(PFPS)isabroadtermusedtodescribepaininthefrontofthekneeandaroundthepatella,orkneecap.
運動Patella穩定膝蓋套系列爲輕微韌帶問題、帕特拉追蹤問題和其他與馬鞋襯墊相關的診斷患者帶來緩解,以保持帕特拉到位。運動Patella穩定膝蓋護套範圍有助於滿足 ...
髌骨(拉丁語:patella)是一个很厚的、形状介乎于三角形和圆形之间的骨骼,与股骨相连,包裹并保护膝关节的前关节面。髌骨在许多四足动物身上都有出现,如鼠、猫、鸟 ...
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髕骨軟化症是一種髕股疼痛症(patellofemoralpain),它的特點是當病人.使用到髕股關節(patellofemoraljoint)時會產生廣泛的,前膝疼痛的現象,這種現.
主要機轉為直接撞擊到骨骼【症狀】特徵為疼痛且無法伸展膝部,主要跌倒時直接撞到髕骨,或從高度跌落時造成,或在汽車的車禍意外時,膝部常常擊儀表板而受傷,如果 ...